
Metadata for Data_TaxonomyLookup.xls

by Fritz et al.

If you use these datasets, please cite:



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DATA SUMMARY

The taxonomy lookup tables for unifying taxonomy across the different sources, from which a species list can also be extracted.
2 work sheets:
SpeciesTaxMatching with 5642 lines of 11 columns
GenusTaxMatching with 85 lines of 6 columns


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SpeciesTaxMatching

Column explanations
--Name: The orginal name of a species as it occurred in the original NOW download and files from Christine Janis
--MatchCode: IDENTICAL for names considered valid, RENAME for names that were replaced
--Order: The order assigned to the name in column Species 
--Family: The family assigned to the name in column Species 
--Subfamily: The subfamily assigned to name in column Species 
--SubfamilyFromPaleoDB: yes if the subfamily name was taken from the Paleobiology Database (NOW files often lacked subfamily entries)
--Genus: The genus assigned to the name in column Species 
--Species: The species binomial assigned to the species in question. These are only the names considered valid by us.
--Authority: The taxonomic authority for the species binomial in column Species (usually only entered for MSW05 as taxonomic source)
--TaxSource: The taxonomic source where we found the species name in column Name originally. For abbreviations, see below
--Comment: taxonomic matching comments


GenusTaxMatching

Column explanations
--LocalityGenus: The orginal name of a genus, as it occurred in the original NOW download and files from Christine Janis, and for which there were no species records
--FinalGenus: The genus assigned to be valid by us. Note that some minor mammalian orders were excluded at this step.
--Comment: taxonomic matching comments
--Order: The order assigned to the name in column FinalGenus
--Family: The family assigned to the name in column FinalGenus
--Subfamily: The subfamily assigned to name in column FinalGenus


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Procedure

We made an effort to trace all species-level names to the taxonomic schemes in Janis et al, Wilson & Reeder, and Fortelius (see SpeciesTaxMatching worksheet). Duplicate names, synonyms, and typos were corrected with the "RENAME" MatchCode. The full species list used by us can be extracted using the lines with "IDENTICAL" MatchCode.

As the dataset was genus-level, we also checked genera for which there were no species entries (see GenusTaxMatching worksheet). 

All names in the Data_GenusOccurrence file should be only names that occur in the Genus and FinalGenus columns in these worksheets.

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References and abbreviations

Baskin, J. A. 2004. Bassariscus and Probassariscus (Mammalia, Carnivora, Procyonidae) from the Early Barstovian (Middle Miocene). J Vert Paleontol 24: 709-720.

Carnivore Evolution book
Goswami, A. & Friscia, A. 2010. Carnivoran Evolution: New Views on Phylogeny, Form and Function (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK).

Finarelli, J. A. 2008. A total evidence phylogeny of the Arctoidea (Carnivora: Mammalia): Relationships among basal taxa. J Mammal Evol 15: 231-259.

Holocene
Turvey, S. T. 2009. Holocene Extinctions (Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK).

Janis dataset and books
Janis, C. M., Scott, K. M. & Jacobs, L. L. 1998. Evolution of Tertiary mammals of North America, Vol. 1 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK).
Janis, C. M., Gunnell, G. F. & Uhen, M. D. 2008. Evolution of Tertiary mammals of North America, Vol. 2 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK).

Mödden, C. & Wolsan, M. 2000. External brain morphology of the late Oligocene musteloid carnivoran Bavarictis gaimersheimensis. Acta Paleontol Polonica 45: 301-310.

MSW05 
Wilson, D. E. & Reeder, D. M. 2005. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd edn (John Hopkins University Press)

new Raia tree
personal communication from Pasquale Raia, species names used in a phylogeny updated from Raia et al 2012

NOW
Fortelius, M. 2013. New and Old Worlds Database of Fossil Mammals (NOW), <http://www.helsinki.fi/science/now/>.

Pleistocene
personal communication from Pasquale Raia, species names used in a Pleistocene occurrence dataset

Raia et al 2012
Raia, P., Carotenuto, F., Passaro, F., Fulgione, D. & Fortelius, M. 2012. Ecological specialization in fossil mammals explains Cope’s rule. Am Nat 179: 328-337.