StevenHigginsDepartment of Physical Geography, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main

Altenhoeferallee 1Frankfurt am MainHesse60438Germany

EdmundFeburaryUniversity of Cape Town

University of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa

The Andrew Mellon Foundation

FundingThe data contains results from an artificial watering experiment conducted on experimental plots with tree and grass vegetation within the "University of Cape Town research exclosure" in Kruger National Park, South Africa. Data was obtained between 2008 and 2010, and gives information about root respiration, soil moisture, tree allometry and tree and grass phenology.kruger national parkplant allometryplant phenologyroot respirationsavannasoil moisturetree grass programtree-grass interactionContact owners for permission of usage and questionssouthern Kruger National Park, Mpumalanga, South Africa28.62532.25-19.625-25.12520082010EdmundFeburaryUniversity of Cape Town

University of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa

edmund.february@uct.ac.zaStevenHigginsDepartment of Physical Geography, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main

Altenhoeferallee 1Frankfurt am MainHesse60438Germany

Data was aquiered using the Licor Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system with the soil CO2 Flux chamber.

Licor Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system with the soil CO2 Flux chamber.

Soil moisture was measured using the Sentek Diviner 2000 portable soil water monitoring system.

Sentek Diviner 2000 portable soil water monitoring system The experimental plots were established using fire stunted trees under 2 m in height, referred to as Gullivers (Bond and van Wilgen 1996), of the dominant species Terminalia sericea (hereafter referred to as tree) and a mix of the dominant grass species, Heteropogon contortus, Hyperthelia dissoluta, and Setaria sphacelata (hereafter collectively referred to as grass). Plots had a diameter of 2 m and were isolated using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sheets, to a depth of 50 cm, as root barriers. They were divided into tree (denoted as onset 1-6) and tree-grass treatments (denoted as onset 7-12). The grass biomass on the former was removed completely and trimmed by hand to a height of 10cm on the latter at the start of the experiment to remove any moribund material. The plots were irrigated using standard commonly available low-pressure size 1.5 mm micro sprayers with 360° uniform coverage to two meters, connected to a gravity fed centrally located water line. The treatments were repeated in 6 lines with randomly dispersed non-watered control plots within these onset lines (denoted as onset 6 and 12 for tree and tree-grass controls respectively). Irrigation commenced in a phased approach starting on the 14th of August 2008 with onset 1 and 7 in a biweekly interval until all the individual lines were irrigated up to onset 5 and 11. All the plots received the equivalent of 30 mm of rainfall at the start of a particular onset’s irrigation in order to wet the entire soil profile. Thereafter plots received 15 mm per week to a total of 60 mm per month was reached until the end of May. Soil moisture was measured weekly before irrigation on all plots using a capacitance sensor (Sentek Diviner 2000, Australia) and pre-installed access tubes along the entire soil profile. The manufactures standard calibration equation produces relative soil moisture readings. For analysis, the top 30 cm of the soil profile was summed to calculate a running cumulative soil moisture (csm). Tree stems were marked using commonly available material craft paint and measured every two weeks with standard callipers with tree height measured with a standard tape measure. To obtain a measure of leaf production and leaf longevity, visual bud and leaf observations were conducted bi-weekly to asses presence or absence. Grass biomass was visually assed by estimating the percentage of ground cover occupied. see above tgp_exclosure_soilrespiration_controlplots_master_01.csv tgp_exclosure_soilrespiration_controlplots_master_01.csv159531 1#x0Acolumn ;ecogrid://knb/shiggins.299.1publicread ObsConsecutive number indicating observation number Consecutive number indicating observation number DateDate of observation DD.MM.YYYY0 DateCodeNumerical Date Code. See Li-6400 manual for further information Numerical Date Code HHMMSSTime of measurement hh:mm:ss FTimeThe number of seconds (floating point) since a log destination has been opened. If no log destination is active, this number is meaningless. ssss.sss Plot#ID of experiment plot the measurement was performed on. Plot ID TreatmentVegetation treatment in the plot where the measurement was performed. GCGrass control TGCTree + grass control TCTree control RRespiration only ModeCode indicating measurement mode 4final results SmplsNumber of intermediate observations of of dc’/dt used for the final regression. number natural EFFLUXSoil Efflux of Co2. See Li-6400 manual for definition Amount per Areea and time real C2avgThe target CO2 ppm real WavgMeaningless in Mode 4 Meaningless in Mode 4 dc'/dtDilution corrected density regressed to target concentration Dilution corrected density regressed to target concentration VtotTotal Volume (including IRGA), computed by the software: Vtot = Vbase - Area * InsDepth cubic centimeter natural RHcmbr%Relative humidity in the soil chamber % natural Tsoil_CSoil temperature celsius natural RHirga%Relative humidity in the IRGA % natural Tsch_CSoil chamber temperature celsius real Tx_CUser defined variable celsius real uc_21_mVUser Channel 21 mV volt real dC/dtMode=4: Meaningless (last Mode=3 value) Mode=4: Meaningless (last Mode=3 value) dW/dtMode=4: Meaningless (last Mode=3 value) Meaningless R(C)mSlope of dc’/dt vs. C2avg dimensionless real R(C)bIntercept of dc’/dt vs. C2avg. dimensionless real InsDpthInsertion depth (cm). Distance from chamber edge to the top of the soil surface. See Li-6400 for firther explanation. centimeter real VbaseVolume (cm3) at 0 depth. cubic centimeter natural AreaSoil area (cm2). square centimeter natural TBlkBlock temperature celsius natural CO2SSample cell CO2 Amount per Areea and time real H2OSSoil area (cm2) millimolepermole real TairTemperature in the IRGA sample cell celsius natural PARoExternal PAR μmol m-2 s-1 Amount per Areea and time natural PressAtmospheric pressure kilopascal natural uc_21_mVUser Channel 21 mV Volt real StatusNumerical status code. See Li-6400 manual for additional information Numerical status code3115 tgp_exclosure_waterplots_phenology_master_01.csv tgp_exclosure_waterplots_phenology_master_01.csv290973 1#x0Acolumn ;ecogrid://knb/shiggins.293.1 ObsNoConsecutive observation number Consecutive observation number DateDate of observation DD Month YYYY PlotIDIdentifiction number of each plot. See "tgp_waterexperiment_design_01.ppt". Identification number of each plot LineExperiment line, situation of the plot in the experiment. See "tgp_waterexperiment_design_01.ppt". Experiment line, situation of the plot in the experiment TreatmentTreatment of each plot GGrass TGTree + Grass TTree PlotCodeUnique plot ID, build from pot line, treatment and plot ID. Unique plot ID, build from pot line, treatment and plot ID No new grThe percentage of no new growth proceeded by the next columns, which are growth categories in percentage of total plant. % real Gr0-5cmGrowth in height-class 0-5 cmEstimate of biomass in the specified height class. As percentage of total plant. Can be interpreted as total coverage. % real Gr6-10cmEstimate of biomass in the specified height class. As percentage of total plant. Can be interpreted as total coverage. % real Gr11-15cmGrowth in size class 11-15 cmEstimate of biomass in the specified height class. As percentage of total plant. Can be interpreted as total coverage. % real Gr>15cmGrowth in height class >15cmEstimate of biomass in the specified height class. As percentage of total plant. Can be interpreted as total coverage. % natural old_budsnumber of old buds in the plot number natural new_budsnumber of new buds in the plot number natural open_budsnumber of open buds in the entire plot number natural Inflorenscence(%)This indicates what percentage of the canopy the inflorescence takes up. % real GrassBiomProxyA combination of growth, from the size classes. Can be interpreted as percentage cover. % real TreeLeafPresentLogic value indicating if leaves are present on the tree in the plot or not. 0no 1yes NewBudsPresentLogical value indicating if new buds are present or not. 0no 1yes OpenBudsPresentLocial value indicating if open buds are present or not. 0no 1yes InflorenscencePresentLogical value indicating if inflorescence is present or not 0no 1yes5133 tgp_water_experiment_tree_diameters_heights_master_01.csv tgp_water_experiment_tree_diameters_heights_master_01.csv293403 1#x0Acolumn ;ecogrid://knb/shiggins.292.1publicread DateDate of measurement DD. MMM YY PlotNoIdentification number of the plot. See tgp_waterexperiment_design_01.ppt for further information. Identification number of the plot. TreatmentPlot- treatment TGTree + grass TTree T-CTree - control TG-CTree + grass - control TCTree - control Height (cm)Height of the tree individual of the plot (there is only one tree per plot). centimeter whole aDiameter of the first stem. c millimeter real bDiameter of the second stem. This was measured at marked location on the stem close to the base. millimeter real cDiameter of the third stem. This was measured at marked location on the stem close to the base. millimeter real dDiameter of the fourth stem. This was measured at marked location on the stem close to the base. millimeter real eDiameter of the fifth stem. This was measured at marked location on the stem close to the base. millimeter real fDiameter of the sixth stem. This was measured at marked location on the stem close to the base. millimeter natural gDiameter of the seventh stem. This was measured at marked location on the stem close to the base. millimeter real hDiameter of the seventh stem. This was measured at marked location on the stem close to the base. millimeter real iDiameter of the eighth stem. This was measured at marked location on the stem close to the base. millimeter real jDiameter of the nineth stem. This was measured at marked location on the stem close to the base. millimeter natural SumDiamallSum of the diameter of all stems millimeter real MaxDiamDiameter of the thickest stem (maximum diameter of the plant). millimeter real SumBAallSum of the basal area of all stems of the plant. squareMilimeter real BAmaxBasal area of the thickest stem of the plant. squareMilimeter real BAAvgAverage basal area of a stem of the given plant. squareMilimeter real StemCountNumber of stems per plant. number whole3109 tgp_exclosure_waterplots_soilmoisture_diviner.csv tgp_exclosure_waterplots_soilmoisture_diviner.csv1817733 1#x0Acolumn ;ecogrid://knb/shiggins.291.1publicread ObsNoObservation number observation number LineLine is the onset in which lines where watered from 1 to last. In two week intervals. Refer to the "expermiment design" files included in the data-package. onset in which lines where watered Line1The onset in which lines where watered from 1 to last. In two week intervals. Refer to the "expermiment design" files included in the data-package. Onset in which lines where watered OnsetThe onset in which lines where watered from 1 to last. In two week intervals. Refer to the "expermiment design" files included in the data-package. Onset number Onset1The onset in which lines where watered from 1 to last. In two week intervals. Refer to the "expermiment design" files included in the data-package. Onset number PlotPlot identification number Plot ID LoggerUnitIdentification of Logger-Unit performing the measurement. ALogger unit A ProbeNoProbe ID Probe ID TreatmentTreatment of the specific plot. GGrass TGTree + Grass TTree YearYear of measurement YYYY YexpYear of measurement as consecutive number Year of measurement as consecutive number Date1Measurement date DD.MM.YYYY Depth10Volumetric water content at a depth of 10 cm [mm/10cm]. milimeterperdezimeter real Depth20Volumetric water content at a depth of 20 cm [mm/10cm]. milimeterperdezimeter real Depth30Volumetric water content at a depth of 30 cm [mm/10cm]. milimeterperdezimeter real Depth40Volumetric water content at a depth of 40 cm [mm/10cm]. milimeterperdezimeter real Depth50Volumetric water content at a depth of 50 cm [mm/10cm]. milimeterperdezimeter real Depth60Volumetric water content at a depth of 60 cm [mm/10cm]. milimeterperdezimeter real Depth70Volumetric water content at a depth of 70 cm [mm/10cm]. milimeterperdezimeter real Depth80Volumetric water content at a depth of 80 cm [mm/10cm]. milimeterperdezimeter real Depth90Volumetric water content at a depth of 90 cm [mm/10cm]. milimeterperdezimeter real Depth100Volumetric water content at a depth of 100 cm [mm/10cm]. milimeterperdezimeter real SF10Scaled frequency reading at a depth of 10 cm. Refer to diviner 2000 User guide included in the data-package. dimensionless real SF20Scaled frequency reading at a depth of 20 cm. Refer to diviner 2000 User guide included in the data-package. dimensionless real SF30Scaled frequency reading at a depth of 30 cm. Refer to diviner 2000 User guide included in the data-package. dimensionless real SF40Scaled frequency reading at a depth of 40 cm. Refer to diviner 2000 User guide included in the data-package. dimensionless real SF50Scaled frequency reading at a depth of 50 cm. Refer to diviner 2000 User guide included in the data-package. dimensionless real SF60Scaled frequency reading at a depth of 60 cm. Refer to diviner 2000 User guide included in the data-package. dimensionless real SF70Scaled frequency reading at a depth of 70 cm. Refer to diviner 2000 User guide included in the data-package. dimensionless real SF80Scaled frequency reading at a depth of 80 cm. Refer to diviner 2000 User guide included in the data-package. dimensionless real SF90Scaled frequency reading at a depth of 90 cm. Refer to diviner 2000 User guide included in the data-package. dimensionless real SF100Scaled frequency reading at a depth of 100 cm. Refer to diviner 2000 User guide included in the data-package. dimensionless real7891tgp_exclosure_waterplots_phenology_master_01.csvtgp_exclosure_waterplots_phenology_master_01.csv2909731#x0Acolumn;ecogrid://knb/shiggins.297.1ObsNoConsecutive observation numbernumbernaturalDateDate of observationDD.MM YYPlotIDIdentifiction number of each plot. See "tgp_waterexperiment_design_01.ppt".numbernaturalLineExperiment line, situation of the plot in the experiment. See "tgp_waterexperiment_design_01.ppt".numbernaturalTreatmentTreatment of each plotTreatment of each plotPlotCodeUnique plot ID, build from pot line, treatment and plot ID.Unique plot ID, build from pot line, treatment and plot ID.No new grThe percentage of no new growth proceeded by the next columns, which are growth categories in percentage of total plant.dimensionlessnaturalGr0-5cmThe percentage of no new growth proceeded by the next columns, which are growth categories in percentage of total plant.numbernaturalGr6-10cmEstimate of biomass in the specified height class. As percentage of total plant. Can be interpreted as total coverage.numbernaturalGr11-15cmGrowth in size class 11-15 cm Estimate of biomass in the specified height class. As percentage of total plant. Can be interpreted as total coverage.numbernaturalGr>15cmGrowth in height class >15cm Estimate of biomass in the specified height class. As percentage of total plant. Can be interpreted as total coverage.numbernaturalold_budsnumber of old buds in the plotnumbernaturalnew_budsnumber of new buds in the plotnumbernaturalopen_budsnumber of open buds in the entire plotnumbernaturalnew_leaf_length?numbernaturalInflorenscence(%)This indicates what percentage of the canopy the inflorescence takes up.numbernaturalGrassBiomProxyA combination of growth, from the size classes. Can be interpreted as percentage cover.numbernaturalTreeLeafPresentLogic value indicating if leaves are present on the tree in the plot or not.numbernaturalNewBudsPresentLogical value indicating if new buds are present or not.numbernaturalOpenBudsPresentLocial value indicating if open buds are present or not.numbernaturalInflorenscencePresentLogical value indicating if inflorescence is present or notnumbernatural5132attached_fileNot authorized to access resourceOtherattached_fileNot authorized to access resourceOtherattached_fileNot authorized to access resourceOtherattached_fileNot authorized to access resourceOtherattached_fileNot authorized to access resourceOtherattached_fileNot authorized to access resourceOtherattached_fileNot authorized to access resourceOtherattached_fileNot authorized to access resourceOtherattached_fileNot authorized to access resourceOtherattached_fileNot authorized to access resourceOtherattached_fileNot authorized to access resourceOther Amount per Areea and time parts per million cubic centimeter % square centimeter millimolepermole Volt squareMilimeter milimeterperdezimeter